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Clementina Black : ウィキペディア英語版 | Clementina Black Clementina Black (27 July 1853 – 19 December 1922) was a writer, feminist and pioneering trades unionist. ==Life== Clementina Black was born in Brighton, one of the eight children of the solicitor, town clerk and coroner of Brighton, David Black (1817–1892), and his wife, Clara Maria Patten (1825–1875), the daughter of a court portrait painter.〔Ross, Ellen, ''Slum Travellers: Ladies and London Poverty, 1860–1920'', p. 52.〕 In 1875, Clementina's mother died of a rupture caused by lifting her invalid husband. Clementina, as the eldest daughter, was left in charge of an invalid father and seven brothers and sisters, as well as doing a teaching job. Her siblings included the mathematician Arthur Black and the translator Constance Garnett.〔(Clementina Black at Spartacus Educational )〕 She and her sisters moved in the 1880s to Fitzroy Square in London, where she spent her time studying social problems, doing literary work, and lecturing on 18th-century literature. She made the acquaintance of Marxist and Fabian socialists and became a friend of the Marx family.〔Janet E. Grenier, "Black, Clementina Maria (1853–1922)", ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2004). (Retrieved 2 May 2015, pay-walled. )〕
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